South Sudan is entering a critical phase of its development. Since independence, conflict, displacement, macroeconomic instability and heavy reliance on oil have weakened institutions and slowed structural transformation. Yet, the country has significant opportunities, from fertile agricultural land to regional markets, if stability, governance and fundamental economic enablers improve.

Guinea faces a number of challenges: political instability, poor governance, corruption and low agricultural productivity. To combat these issues and ensure the country grows sustainably, Guinea must invest in modern irrigation systems and farming inputs, enhance public sector efficiency and reduce its dependancy on the export of raw materials.

In an ageing world, Africa’s success will underpin global economic dynamism, innovation and sustainability. The coming decades will test whether governments and partners can convert population growth into human progress—through education, health, governance and opportunity.

This theme uses a foresight-driven approach to explore the trajectory of state governance in the Global South over the next two decades. By applying a futures lens, the theme identifies emerging trends, innovations and strategic adaptations that could shape how states respond to complex and evolving challenges. The analysis is forward-looking but grounded in current dynamics, with the goal of informing more effective, inclusive and responsive governance models in a rapidly changing global context.

While data centres could strengthen Africa’s future digital capabilities, their installation demands careful choices about resources, infrastructure and immediate public needs.